gland (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1977), 122–75; Gerald McDermott, One Holy and
∑∑∏ Notes to Pages 258–65
11. A History of the Work of Redemption, Sermon 27, Works, 9: 472, 480. The quotation continues with Isaiah 32: 3–4, ''The eyes of them that see shall not be dim and the ears [of them that hear shall hearken]. The heart of the rash shall understand knowledge.''
12. MS ''Miscellaneous Observations on the Holy Scriptures'' (''Interleaved Bible''), Beinecke, as quoted in Minkema, ''Edwards' Defense,'' n68.
13. ''Draft Letter on Slavery,'' Works, 16: 72–76. 14. Many commentators have remarked on the parallels between the popular religion of the Great Awakening and the popular political culture of the American Revolution. Alan Heimert, Religion and the American Mind: From the Great Awakening to the Revolution (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1966), and Harry S. Stout, ''The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution,'' William and Mary Quarterly, 3d ser., 34 (1977): 519– 41, have argued for the importance of some direct causal connections. John M. Murrin, ''No Awakening, No Revolution? More Counterfactual Speculations,'' Reviews in American History 11 (1983): 161–71, provides a helpful overview of the debates, concluding (p. 169), ''Without the Great Awakening and its successors, there would have been a revolution in 1775, but in all probability, no Civil War in 1861.''
15. This theme and the paradox with Edwards' revolutionary agenda is well developed in Patricia J. Tracy, Jonathan Edwards, Pastor: Religion and Society in Eighteenth-Century Northampton (New York: Hill and Wang, 1980), esp. 188–194. Cf. chapter 22, below.
16. Kenneth Minkema, ''The Edwardses: A Ministerial Family in EighteenthCentury New England'' (Ph.D. diss., University of Connecticut, 1988), 126–36. Jonathan helped resolve the dispute by encouraging Eleazar Wheelock and Benjamin Pomeroy to preach in East Windsor in 1741, Edwards to Wheelock, June 9, 1741, Works, 16: 89–90, the parties being reconciled during the ensuing awakening.
17. Edwards to Thomas Prince, December 12, 1743, Works, 16: 121, 125–26. 18. ''A Copy of a Covenant Entered into and Subscribed by the People of God at Northampton . . . March 16, 1741/42,'' in ibid., 121–25. The covenant also contains a short paragraph promising to ''perform relative duties, required by Christian rules'' in families ''towards parents and children, husbands and wives, brothers and sisters, masters or mistresses and servants.''
19. George Whitefield, George Whitefield's Journals (Edinburgh: Banner of Truth Trust, 1960), October 21, 1740, pp. 478–79.
20. See chapter 7, above. 21. Edwards to Prince, December 12, 1743, Works, 16: 121, 124–25. 22. Some Thoughts Concerning the Present Revival of Religion, Works, 4. Though it bore a 1742 date, it did not appear until March 1743. Goen, Works, 4: 65n.
23. Some Thoughts, Works, 4: 291. 24. Some Thoughts, Works, 4: 353. 25. Isaac Watts to Benjamin Colman, September 14, 1743, quoted in Works, 4: 71. 26. Some Thoughts, Works, 4: 353–58. 27. Quoted in Stephen Foster, The Long Argument: English Puritanism and the Shaping of New England Culture, 1570–1700 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1991), 298. 28. James Davidson, The Logic of Millennial Thought: Eighteenth-Century New England (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1977), 122–75; Gerald McDermott, One Holy and