Stoddard, The Defects of Preachers Reproved (Boston, 1724), iv–v.
∑≥≤ Notes to Pages 115–20
Patricia J. Tracy, Jonathan Edwards, Pastor: Religion and Society in Eighteenth-Century Northampton (New York: Hill and Wang, 1979), 149–52, has a good summary of biographical information on John Stoddard. See also James R. Trumbull, History of Northampton, Massachusetts, from Its Settlement in 1654, 2 vols. (Northampton, Mass., 1898, 1902), 2: 165– 78 and passim. Also Sibley's Harvard Graduates, 5: 96–119. 5. Trumbull, History of Northampton, 2: 15–42. Colin Calloway, The Western Abenakis of Vermont, 1600–1800, (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1990), 113–31. I have also been helped by the chapter on Father Râle's War in Thomas Saunders Kidd, ''From Puritan to Evangelical: Changing Culture in New England, 1689–1740'' (Ph.D. diss., University of Notre Dame, 2001). Sometimes a distinction is made between Grey Lock's War and Father Râle's War, although the colonists conflated them.
6. Diary, January 10, 1723, Works, 16: 761. Tracy, Jonathan Edwards, Pastor, 53, summarizes the evidence. In December 1721 Jonathan wrote to his sister Mary, then in Hatfield, inquiring if Solomon was to be settled. Early in 1723 Timothy incorrectly recorded in his account book that Solomon had been chosen.
7. Philip F. Gura, ''Sowing for the Harvest: William Williams and the Great Awakening,'' Journal of Presbyterian History 56, no. 4 (winter 1978): 330–31, may overstate the degree of their di√erence regarding the Lord's Supper. Gura's ''Going Mr. Stoddard's Way: William Williams on Church Privileges, 1693,'' William and Mary Quarterly, 3d ser., 45, no. 3 (July 1988): 489–98, shows that Stoddard and Williams agreed more closely on church membership than was previously thought.
8. Ted Campbell, The Religion of the Heart: A Study of European Religious Life in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries (Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1991). 9. Paul Lucas, Valley of Discord: Church and Society along the Connecticut River, 1636– 1725 (Hanover, N.H.: University Press of New England, 1976), 159. 10. Williams' principal publications are summarized in Gura, ''Sowing for the Harvest,'' 326–27. His concern for orthodoxy is indicated in his The Great Concern for Christians (Boston, 1723). On Stoddard see, Thomas Schafer, ''Solomon Stoddard and the Theology of the Revival,'' in Stuart Henry, ed., A Miscellany of American Christianity; Essays in Honor of H. Shelton Smith (Durham: Duke University Press, 1963), 328–61.
11. Solomon Stoddard, Question Whether God Is Not Angry with the Country for Doing So Little Towards the Conversion of the Indians? (Boston, 1723), 6, 8–11. For a modern analysis of Jesuit and English attitudes, see James Axtell, The Invasion Within: The Contest of Cultures in Colonial America (New York: Oxford University Press, 1985).
12. William Williams to Samuel Sewall, January 22, 1728, ''Letterbook of Samuel Sewall,'' Collections of the Massachusetts Historical Society, 6th ser., 2 (Boston, 1888), 250. He closed, p. 253, indicating that Stoddard is ''comfortable'' and ''still useful to others.''
13. Solomon Stoddard, A Treatise Concerning Conversion (Boston 1719), 57, 34. 14. To Thomas Gillespie, July 1, 1751, Works, 16: 381. 15. Miscellany no. 301, Works, 13: 387. 16. From Solomon Treat's account of Stoddard's views in his preface to Solomon Stoddard, The Defects of Preachers Reproved (Boston, 1724), iv–v.
17. Ibid., 10 18. Ibid., 13 19. Solomon Stoddard, The E≈cacy of the Fear of Hell, to Restrain Men from Sin (Boston, 1713), A1, 25–27.