American Antiquarian Society, 1974), April 1 and 2, 1740, p. 76, and May 25, 1744, p. 97.
Notes to Pages 252–57 ∑∑∑
29. Ibid., ''Sarah Edwards,'' 95. 30. Hopkins, Life, 49, cf. quotation in chapter 8, above. 31. Ebenezer Parkman, The Diary of Ebenezer Parkman, 1703–1782 (Worcester, Mass.: American Antiquarian Society, 1974), April 1 and 2, 1740, p. 76, and May 25, 1744, p. 97. Samuel Hopkins, ''Journal,'' May 24, 1744, in Park, ''Memoir,'' Works of Samuel Hopkins, 1: 49. In December 1743 Hopkins had settled as minister in a tiny frontier church at Housatonock (Great Barrington), near Stockbridge. Some time after that, we are told, he was courting a Northampton young woman who was ''rather a belle of the place.'' She broke o√ their engagement when a former suitor returned. Hopkins finally married in 1748. From William Patten, Samuel Hopkins, 31.
chapter 16. Conservative Revolutionary
1. Hopkins, Life, 39–51. For more detail of Hopkins' portrait see the beginning of chapter 8, above.
2. Hopkins, Life, 41–42. 3. Ibid., 53. 4. Numbers 12:3. Exodus 4:10. 5. Kenneth P. Minkema, ''Jonathan Edwards' Defense of Slavery,'' Massachusetts Historical Review 2 (2002). I am grateful to Kristin Kobes DuMez regarding the possible name change. When the Edwardses moved to Stockbridge they took a slave named Rose with them. Rose was not mentioned in the inventory of the Edwards estate in 1758, but her son, a boy named Titus, was. Rose was free and a full member of the Stockbridge church by 1771, raising the possibility that the Edwardses had manumitted her or allowed her husband to purchase her freedom before 1758. Alternatively, the Edwardses may have sold her to someone else who later granted her her freedom. During the 1750s, Sarah Edwards was actively seeking to purchase a slave and had Jonathan ask both Joseph Bellamy, February 28, 1754, Works, 16: 622, and their daughter Esther Edwards Burr, November 20, 1757, Works, 16: 731, about the availability of one of theirs.
6. Samuel Sewall, The Selling of Joseph: A Memorial [Boston, 1700], ed. Sidney Kaplan (Amherst: University Massachusetts Press, 1969), 10, takes for granted the knowledge that ''their forbidden liberty, renders them unwilling servants.''
7. Gordon S. Wood, The Radicalism of the American Revolution (New York: Knopf, 1991), 52–55. On the dynamics of the relation between indentured servitude and chattel slavery in colonial Virginia, see Edmund S. Morgan, American Slavery, American Freedom: The Ordeal of Colonial Virginia (New York: Norton, 1975).
8. This account of the controversy with Doolittle is based on the remarkably detailed reconstruction the episode in Minkema, ''Edwards' Defense.''
9. Minkema, ''Edwards' Defense,'' Wintthrop D. Jordan, White over Black: American Attitudes Toward the Negro 1550–1812 (Baltimore: Penguin, 1969 [1968]), 116–21.
10. ''Draft Letter on Slavery,'' 1741, Works, 16: 72–76. Edwards drew a vertical line through the section regarding the Egyptians, but sometimes he did that to indicate he had used that part of a draft. My interpretation of this letter is indebted to that of Kenneth P. Minkema, ''Jonathan Edwards on Slavery and the Slave Trade,'' William and Mary Quarterly 3d ser., 54, no. 4 (October 1997): 823–30. Minkema's article includes the text of the letter, 831–34. His notes also list the bibliography relevant to this issue.